Does the Qur’an say the Earth is flat (88:20)? Is the Earth spread out (51:48, 79:30, 91:6)? Is the Earth a carpet (71:19)? Is the Earth like a couch (2:22)? Is the Earth a bed (20:53, 78:6-7)? Was the Earth stretched out (15:19, 50:7)? Is the Earth a level plain (20:105-107)? How can a Muslim face the Qibla/Mecca/Kaaba?
88:17 Then do they not look at the camels, how they are created? … 88:19 And towards the mountains, how they are fixed? 88:20 And towards the earth, how it is spread out (sutihat)?
(The context of Verse 88:20 begins in Verse 88:17 “do they not look at”, so it is not speaking about planet Earth seen from the space or its shape, but about the ground they walk on. The root of “sutihat” is “Siin-Tay-Ha” and it means “to spread out, level, expand, stretch, surface. sathi – external, outer, outward, outside, exterior”. There are places of the Earth’s surface which are flat, and it is in contrast with the mountains, mentioned in the previous Verse - “and towards the mountains” (88:19). On the other hand, “earth” also means “land”)(Another interpretation of the Verse is that it could also refer to the formation of planet Earth by accretion: gravity slowly gathered gas and dust together into clumps that became planets; so the earth was “surfaced” or provided with a surface. Any of these interpretations is in accordance with science)(The Verse does not say that planet Earth is flat, nevertheless, the Earth is flattened at the poles; according to the article “Spheroid” in wikipedia, “because of the combined effects of gravity and rotation, the Earth’s shape is not quite a sphere but instead is slightly flattened in the direction of its axis of rotation. For that reason, in cartography the Earth is often approximated by an oblate spheroid instead of a sphere”)(Allah knows best)
79:29 And He darkened its night and brought out its brightness. 79:30 And after that He spread (dahaha) the earth. 79:31 He brought forth from it, its water and its pasture,
(The root of “daha” (spread) is “Dal-Ha-Waw” and it means “to hurl, spread forth, expand, stretch out, cast away, extend, drive along”. According to the context, it could mean “to spread provision” (“its water and its pasture” (79:31)), because the Earth is “spread” after its brightness (79:29-30). It could also refer to the formation of planet Earth by accretion)(“daha” is also said to mean “shape of an ostrich egg”. An ostrich egg resembles an oblate spheroid, which is the shape of Earth)(The Bible uses the same or a similar word in regard to earth; Isaiah 42:5, “the Creator of the heavens, who stretches them out, who spreads out the earth with all that springs from it”)(Allah knows best)
91:5 And the heaven and what constructed it, 91:6 And the earth and what spread it (tahaha),
(The root of “taha” is “Tay-ha-Alif/Ya”, and it means “to spread out, extend, scatter / disperse, to execute / perform a matter firmly / soundly / thoroughly”. So, it could be in the sense of dispersing / scattering / distributing things along the land)(Allah knows best)
55:17 Lord of the two Easts and the Lord of the two Wests.
(If the earth had been flat there would have been only one East and one West. Two Easts (far/near easts) and two Wests (far/near wests) is possible when the earth is round, because if you go far in one direction, you reach the opposite direction, in other words, you can reach the east, going in the two opposite directions (near east and far west), and you can reach the west, going in the two opposite directions (near west and far east))(Allah knows best)
37:5 Lord of the heavens and the earth, and what is between both of them and Lord of each point of sunrise (l-mashariqi).
(Because the earth is round, every point of the earth can have an East and a West. There are more than one point of sunrise (37:5))(“Each point of sunrise” (l-mashariqi) is a plural word in Arabic)(Note: in Arabic, a plural form refers to 3 or more)(Allah knows best)
70:40 But nay, I swear by the Lord of the rising places and the setting places, that We are surely Able 70:41 to replace better than them; and We are not to be outrun.
34:9 Then, do they not see what is before them and what is behind them of the heaven and the earth? If We will, We could cause the earth to swallow them or cause to fall upon them fragments from the sky. Indeed, in that, surely, is a Sign for every slave who turns.
(According to Verse 34:9, you can reach at any place in this world but you would see both, Earth and Heaven, before you and behind you)(Allah knows best)
2:143 And thus We made you a community of the middle way so that you will be witnesses over mankind, and the Messenger will be a witness over you. And We didn’t make the direction of prayer (l-qib’lata) which you were used to except that We make evident (he) who follows the Messenger from (he) who turns back on his heels. And indeed, it was certainly a great (test) except for those whom Allah guided. And Allah will not let go waste your faith. Indeed, Allah is Full of Kindness towards mankind, the Most Merciful. 2:144 Indeed, We see the turning of your face towards the heaven. So surely We will turn you (falanuwalliyannaka) to the direction of prayer (qib’latan) that pleases you. So turn (fawalli) your face towards the direction (shatra) of Al-Masjid Al-Haraam. And wherever you are, turn (fawallu) your faces towards its direction (shatrahu). And indeed, those who were given the Book, surely know that it is the truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do.
(Because the earth is spherical, according to Verse 2:144, the Kaaba is a direction of prayer. “Facing” implies “turning/orientated toward”. Even if the Ka’bah is faced, it is a direction of prayer. And even if “Qaf-Ba-Lam” were to imply to only facing, in front of the Kaaba, the Verse says “you” in singular, so it was only addressed to the Messenger, who lived there. This sentence of the Verse is in plural: “turn your faces towards its direction”, and uses the word “shatrahu” (its direction), instead of “Qibla”. So, it is a direction)(It is also said in singular: “Turn your face towards the direction (shatra)”, so, it was also a “direction” for the Messenger)(In Verse 2:144, “Waw-Lam-Ya” is translated as “turn”, but it also means “direct”. So, it confirms that it is a direction, and is the word used to order it “turn/direct your face/s towards the/its direction”. So, because it is a direction, the Verse does not imply that the earth is flat, nor that you would always face / be in front of the Kaaba while you stand, but you turn towards an (earthly) direction, which, if you were to travel through that direction, you would get there. Notice that Verse 2:144 says, “turn your face towards the direction of Al-Masjid Al-Haraam”, rather than saying “turn your face towards Al-Masjid Al-Haraam”, so the Verse does not necessarily imply facing or being in front of the place itself)(The root of “qib’lata” (direction of prayer) is “Qaf-Ba-Lam” and it means “to accept, to face someone / something, the front part; qabala – turn towards; qibala – in the direction of, toward, etc.”)(The root of “shatra” is “Shiin-Tay-Ra” and it means “the direction of, towards, etc.”)(And the root of “wallu” is “Waw-Lam-Ya” and it means “turn, follow, etc”)(Allah knows best)
16:9 And upon Allah (is) the direction (of) the way, and among them (are) crooked. And if He willed, surely He would have guided you all.
(Earthly ways have directions. You turn towards the direction of Al-Masjid Al-Haraam by turning towards its direct (earthly) way)(Allah knows best)
2:115 And for Allah (is) the east and the west, so wherever you turn, there is the face of Allah. Indeed, Allah is All-Encompassing, All-Knowing.
(Because the earth is spherical and rotates, people turns to both the Kaaba (its direction), and turns to “everywhere”. According to Verse 2:115, “wherever you turn, there is the face of Allah”)(Allah knows best)
28:29 Then when Moses fulfilled the term and was traveling with his family, he saw a fire in (the) direction (of) Mount Tur. He said to his family, "Stay here; indeed, I perceive a fire. Perhaps I will bring you from there some information or a burning wood from the fire so that you may warm yourselves." 28:30 But when he came (to) it, he was called from the right side (of) the valley in the place even, blessed, from the tree [that], "O Moses! Indeed, I Am Allah, (the) Lord (of) the worlds.
(A direction is an earthy place you can come)(Allah knows best)
6:79 Indeed, I have turned my face to the One Who created the heavens and the earth as a true monotheist, and I am not of the polytheists.
(You worship God, not the creation (e.g. Kaaba))(Allah knows best)
27:24 And I found her and her people prostrating to the sun instead of Allah, and Satan has made fair-seeming to them their deeds, and averted them from the Way, so they are not guided, 27:25 That not they prostrate to Allah, the One Who brings forth the hidden in the heavens and the earth and knows what you conceal and what you declare,
(There is also a matter of “intention”; even if you do not see the Kaaba, because you are far away; and you cannot see God; and wherever you turn there might be stars (e.g. the sun), but it does not mean that you worship the sun, because your action and intention are worshiping / obeying / invoking God. In Verse 27:24-25, they intend to prostrate to the sun, then they are not prostrating to God (27:25))(Allah knows best)
2:177 It is not righteousness that you turn your faces towards the east and the west but righteous is he who believes in Allah , the Last Day, the Angels, the Book, and the Prophets and gives wealth in spite of love for it to the near relatives, the orphans, the needy, the wayfarer, and those who ask, and in freeing the necks (slaves); and who establish prayer and give zakah and those who fulfill their covenant when they make it; and those who are patient in suffering, hardship, and periods of stress. Those are the ones who are true and it is those who are the righteous.
21:33 And He is the One Who created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon; each floating in an orbit.
(The mention of night and day in the Verse refers to “Earth”, because Earth is involved in the occurrence of night and day. The verse says that “the night and the day” has an orbit, then the Earth has an orbit, so the Earth is not immobile)(This Verse mentions the plural pronoun and plural verb “each floating”; in Arabic language – plural is three or more, dual is two and singular is one, so the Verse mentions 3 spherical objects: it explicitly mentions the sun and the moon, and implicitly the Earth)(Allah knows best)
31:29 Do not you see that Allah causes to enter the night into the day, and causes to enter the day into the night and has subjected the sun and the moon, each moving for an appointed term, and that Allah is All-Aware of what you do.
(It is interpreted that “each moving for an appointed term” refers to the Earth, sun and moon having an end in this world because they are not eternal)(Allah knows best)
18:85 So he followed a course 18:86 Until, when he reached the setting place of the sun, he found it setting in a spring of dark mud, and he found a community near it. We said, "O Dhul-qarnain, either you punish them or take them with goodness." … 18:90 Until, when he reached the rising place of the sun, and he found it rising on a community for whom We had not made against it any shelter.
(A “setting or rising place of the sun” involves both the earth and the sun. The setting and rising place of the sun occurs with the rotation of the Earth. The verse says “he found it setting”, so it is subjective, not objective. So people can see the sun rising and setting in the sea, in mountains, in fields, etc., according to the earthly place in which a person finds it setting or rising)(According to Verse 70:40 there is no only one setting and rising place. This confirms that the setting and rising place of the sun change according to the point on earth in which it is seen)(The Qur’an does not say “he reached the sun” or “end of the earth” or “end of the course he was following” or “flat earth” or “only one point/place of sunrise/sunset”, etc., but describes a specific place where Dhul-qarnain saw the sun setting, so he followed one (18:85) of many courses, then he stopped following the course when he reached that place in which he found it setting and rising (18:86, 18:90), because the Verse says “he followed a course until when he reached”)(See the article below “Setting and rising place of the sun. Does the sun set in a particular place? Can you travel to the place where the sun sets or rises?”)(Allah knows best)
18:92 Then he followed a course 18:93 Until, when he reached between the two mountains, he found besides them a community, who would almost not understand (his) speech.
(Dhul-qarnain followed a course, “until, when he reached the rising place of the sun” (18:89-90), and after that, he followed another course (18:92), until “when he reached between the two mountains”, so if the Verse were to imply “end of the earth”, he would have not continued his journey, but that was not the case)(Allah knows best)
39:5 He created the heavens and the earth in truth. He wraps (yukawwiru) the night over the day and wraps (wayukawwiru) the day over the night. And He subjected the sun and the moon, each running for a specified term. Unquestionably, He is the All-Mighty, the Oft-Forgiving.
(The mention of night and day is related/involves the Earth. The root of “yukawwiru” (wraps) is “Kaf-Waw-Ra”, and it means “to wind, twist/fold/wrap, he wound round a turban, etc.”, so “wraps” implies that the Earth is round)(This Verse mentions the plural pronoun “each”; in Arabic language – plural is three or more, dual is two and singular is one. So the Verse mentions 3 spherical objects: it explicitly mentions the sun and the moon, and implicitly the Earth, because Earth is implicitly mentioned in the previous sentence. No earth implies neither night, nor day)(Allah knows best)
91:1 By the sun and its brightness, 91:2 And the moon when it follows it, 91:3 And the day when it displays it, 91:4 And the night when it covers it,
(The rotation of the Earth around its own axis causes the day and night, or, in other words, the rotation of the Earth displays and covers the sun’s brightness (91:3-4). When day and night are mentioned in the Qur’an, then Earth is implicitly mentioned, because the Earth is involved in it)(According to Verses 91:3-4, the sun is immobile in terms of night and day, because it is the day what displays the brightness of the sun (91:3), and it is the night what covers the brightness of the sun (91:4), then the Earth, which is also involved, because day and night occurs on/refers to Earth, then Earth is the one that is moving, not the sun (immobile one in terms of night and day))(Allah knows best)
27:88 And you see the mountains, thinking they are firmly fixed, while they will pass as the passing of the clouds. The Work of Allah Who perfected all things. Indeed, He is All-Aware of what you do.
(The ground we’re standing on is moving like the clouds do, while the sun is immobile (91:1-4))(Allah knows best)
71:19 And Allah made for you the earth an expanse (bisatan), 71:20 That you may go along therein in wide paths."
(The root of “bisatan” is “Ba-Siin-Tay”, and it means “spreading, expanding, stretching forth; carpets, seller of; God who amplifies, enlarges or makes plentiful the means of subsistence; one who diffuses, etc.”)(This word (Ba-Siin-Tay) also appears in Verses 29:62 and 30:37, and it is in regard to provision. “yabsutu” (extends) appears as opposed to “restricts” (30:37); and Verse 29:62 explicitly says, “Allah extends (yabsutu) provision”. This could also be applied to Verse 71:19, so it is not about “flat earth” at all)(Some people have interpreted “bisatan” as “carpet”, there is an assumption that “carpet” means that the earth is flat, but a carpet can be placed, for example, on stairs. The context of the Verse is “that you may go along therein in wide paths” (71:20), so it is about a surface you walk on, rather than speaking about the shape of planet Earth)(There are other words in the Qur’an, specifically for “carpet” (88:16 and 55:76), which are not related to Earth)(Allah knows best)
2:245 Who (is) the one who will lend (to) Allah a good loan, so (that) He multiplies it for him many manifolds. And Allah withholds and grants abundance (wayabsutu), and to Him you will be returned.
(This Verse uses the word “yabsutu” (grants abundance), which has the same root (“Ba-Siin-Tay”) than the word used in Verse 71:19 (“bisatan”/expanse). So, it also confirms that it is about “provision”)(Allah knows best)
29:62 Allah extends (yabsutu) provision for whom He wills of His slaves and restricts for him. Indeed, Allah is All-Knower of everything.
(Verse 29:62 confirms that the use of “extends” (Ba-Siin-Tay), and “restricts” are in regard to provision)(Allah knows best)
30:37 Do they not see that Allah extends (yabsutu) the provision for whom He wills and straitens/restricts (it). Indeed, in that are surely Signs for a people who believe.
29:56 O My servants who believe, indeed, My earth is spacious (wasi’atun), so only worship Me.
(The root of “wasi’atun” is “Waw-Siin-Ayn”, and it means “to be ample. Wasi’a – extended. Wasi’atun – wide, spacious. Sa’atun – abundance; amplitude; bounty., etc.”)(That word confirms that “extended” is in the sense of “abundance, bounty, etc.”)(Allah knows best)
2:247 And their Prophet said to them, "Indeed, Allah has surely raised for you Saul as king." They said, How can he have kingship over us, while we are more entitled to kingship than him, and he has not been given abundant (sa’atan) wealth?" He said, "Indeed, Allah has chosen him over you and has increased him abundantly (bastatan) in knowledge and physique. And Allah gives His kingdom to whom He wills. And Allah is All-Encompassing, All-Knowing."
(Verse 2:247 also uses the root “Waw-Siin-Ayn”, and it is in regard to wealth; and also uses the root “Ba-Siin-Tay”, and is in regard to increasing in knowledge and physique)(Allah knows best)
2:22 The One Who made the earth a resting place (firashan) for you, and the sky a canopy, and sent down water from the sky, then brought forth therewith fruits as provision for you. So do not set up rivals to Allah while you know.
(The root of “firashan” (a resting place) is “Fa-Ra-Shiin” and it means “to spread out, extend, stretch forth and furnish”. So the meaning of its root word confirms that the Verse refers to “provision”)(In Verses 2:22 and 51:48, “Fa-Ra-Shiin” does not indicate the shape of planet Earth, but a comfortable/suitable place to live for people. The context confirms it: “then brought forth therewith fruits as provision for you”)(Allah knows best)
20:53 The One Who made for you the earth as a bed (mahdan) and inserted therein ways for you, and sent down water from the sky, then We brought forth with it diverse pairs of plants.
(The root of “mahdan” is “Miim-ha-Dal” and it means “to make a place or thing plain or even or smooth, to prepare or establish, to spread or be spread (namely a bed), etc.”. There are flat or easy places on Earth, but according to the context, “Miim-ha-Dal” in Verses 20:53, 28:53, 78:6 and 51:48, do not refer to the shape of planet Earth, but according to the word itself and its context, it refer to matters for people living on Earth (e.g. “We made your sleep for rest”, “inserted therein ways for you”, “We made the day for livelihood”. So, “earth” is the ground, not the shape of the planet. The mention of “ways” is in contrast to “mountains” which are not plain (18:47, 21:31). Notice that Verse 20:53 mentions the word “therein ways”. Verse 21:31 mentions “mountains” and “ways”, so the way is plain and the mountain isn’t; one in contrast with the other; so the context is clearly the ground, not the shape of planet Earth)(Allah knows best)
21:31 And We (have) placed in the earth firmly set mountains, lest it (should) shake with them, and We made therein broad passes (as) ways, so that they may (be) guided.
43:10 The One Who made for you the earth a bed (mahdan), and made for you roads therein so that you may be guided,
78:6 Have We not made the earth a resting place (mihadan)? 78:7 And the mountains as pegs, 78:8 And We created you in pairs, 78:9 And We made your sleep for rest, 78:10 And We made the night as covering, 78:11 And We made the day for livelihood,
51:48 And the earth, We have spread it (farashnaha); how excellent are the Spreaders (l-mahiduna). 51:49 And of everything We have created pairs, so that you may remember.
(“Miim-ha-Dal” refers to matters for people living on Earth (see also comment on Verse 20:53). It is confirmed by the context (51:48). The root of “farash” is “Fa-Ra-Shiin” and it means “to spread out, extend, stretch forth and furnish”. So it is about provision on Earth, not about the shape of the entire planet Earth)(Allah knows best)
15:19 And the earth, We have spread it (madadnaha) and cast therein firm mountains and caused to grow therein every well-balanced thing. 15:20 And We have made for you therein means of living and for those for whom you are not providers.
(“Miim-Dal-Dal” means “to draw a thing (namely a rope), pull a thing, stretch a thing, strain a thing, extend by drawing or pulling, stretch forth, to prolong, expand/elongate/lengthen a thing, spread or spread out, to increase, manure land (with dung); madda – provided with, etc.”)(This word, according to its context (15:19-20), could refer to provision on planet Earth. Other Verses use that word in that sense, for example, Verses 27:36, 74:12, 52:22, etc.)(If the Verse were to mean “extended to its full length” (stretched), it would then refer to the formation of planet Earth by accretion: gravity slowly gathered gas and dust together into clumps that became planets. See the article “accretion (astrophysics)” in wikipedia. Both interpretation would be in accordance with science. The Verse does not refer to a flat-shaped planet Earth)(Allah knows best)
27:36 So when came to Solomon, he said, "Will you provide me (atumiddunani) with wealth? But what Allah has given me is better than that which He has given you. Nay, you rejoice in your gift.
(Verses 27:36 and 52:22 confirm that “Miim-Dal-Dal” can refer to provision)(Allah knows best)
52:22 And We will provide them (wa-amdadnahum) with fruit and meat from what they desire.
17:20 (To) each We extend (numiddu), (to) these and (to) these, from (the) gift (of) your Lord. And (the) gift (of) your Lord not is restricted.
(Verse 17:20 confirms that “Miim-Dal-Dal” can refer to provision. In addition, “extend” (Miim-Dal-Dal) is in contrast with “restricted”)(Allah knows best)
13:3 And He is the One Who spread (madda) the earth, and placed in it firm mountains and rivers, and from all of the fruits He made two pairs. He covers the night with the day. Indeed, in that are surely Signs for a people who ponder.
50:6 Then do they not look at the sky above them - how We structured it and adorned it and there are no rifts in it? 50:7 And the earth, We have spread it out (madadnaha) and cast therein firmly set mountains, and We made to grow therein every beautiful kind,
(“Madad” can refer to provision. This is supported by Verses 27:36 and 52:22 which use the same word: “Will you provide me (atumiddunani) with wealth?” (27:36); “And We will provide them (wa-amdadnahum) with fruit and meat” (52:22))(Allah knows best)
84:3 And when the earth is spread (muddat), 84:4 And has cast out what (is) in it and becomes empty,
(Theses Verses might also confirm that the root “Miim-Dal-Dal” refers to provision. “Earth” refers to “land”)(Allah knows best)
18:47 And the Day We will cause the mountains to move and you will see the earth as a leveled plain (barizatan), and We will gather them and We will not leave behind anyone from them. 18:48 And they will be presented before your Lord in rows, "Certainly, you have come to Us as We created you the first time. Nay, you claimed that We had not made for you an appointment."
(This Verse is not speaking about the shape of planet Earth or about a flat planet Earth because: 1) The root “Ba-Ra-Zay” means “became apparent/manifest/evident, uncovered, outstrip/surpass, go beyond a thing, etc.”, so where one can see clearly without distractions or obstacles; 2) According to the context of the Verse, “earth” means “ground / land”, not the whole Earth or “planet Earth”, 3) The plain ground/land is in contrast to “mountains”, because “mountains” is explicitly mentioned in Verse 18:47)(Allah knows best)
22:63 Do you not see that Allah sends down water from the sky then the earth becomes green? Indeed, Allah is surely Subtle, All-Aware.
(Another example of “earth” meaning “land/ground”. See also Verses 30:2 and 5:21 below)(Allah knows best)
20:105 And they ask you about the mountains, so say, "My Lord will blast them into particles. 20:106 Then He will leave it, a level plain. 20:107 You will not see in it any crookedness (‘iwajan) or any curve (amtan)."
(A plain land is in contrast with “mountains” (20:105-106).; so there will not be any curve that implies “mountains”. The Verse does not say that the Earth is flat, or anything about the shape of planet Earth, but it is about a non-mountainous land)(The root word of “amtan” is “Alif-Miin-Ta”, and it means “uneven ground, inequality of surface: one part being higher, or more prominent, than another, small hills, etc.”. So, according to the Verse, the land will be other than this)(the root word of “’iwajan” is “Ayn-Waw-Jiim”, and it means “crooked, curvature, bent, uneven, distorted, etc.”. So, that’s a ground with mountains, which according to the Verse will be into particles)(Allah knows best)
21:44 Nay, We gave provision to these and their fathers until life grew long for them. Then do (afala) they not see that We come to the land (l-arda), We reduce it from its borders/parts (atrafiha)? So is (it) they (who will be) overcoming?
(Verse 21:44 is in the context of giving provision to a specific people (“We gave provision to these and their fathers” (21:44)), so it also refers to a specific land, rather than the whole planet earth)(It is confirmed by the use of the word “fa” (then), which is chronological and causal, and links the previous and the next sentence (21:44), so, in the mentioned context, land’s borders refers to a specific land (e.g. these and their fathers’ land), not to “the whole planet earth having borders”)(And according to the context, “earth” can mean “land”, instead of “planet earth”, as in Verses 30:2 and 5:21. On the other hand, Verse 3:127 confirms that “borders” can also mean “part”)(The root of “atrafi” is “Tay-Ra-Fa” and it means “attack the extremity of the enemy’s lines, extremity, edge, lateral/adjacent/outward part, side, border, end, proximity, fringes; look from outer angle of eye, twinkle in eye, putting eyelids in motion, looking, glance, blinking, raise/open eyes, hurt the eye and make it water, etc.”)(So, the word is then used to mean seeing or vision or glimpse or edges as conceptual backgrounds. The same word is used in Verse 3:127 (tarafan) and it is interpreted as edge or a group in this instance because the group is on an edge or a group is seen. Verse says “do they not see” (21:44), so according to the definition of the word, it means the two edges of the eye, so it is about what they see in the ground/land they live, not about the whole planet Earth)(Other interpretations are that the earth is compressed down at the poles. There is less provision at the poles. Another interpretation is about the erosion of mountains by wind and rain, or of the sea-shores by the sea, or to the encroachment of the desert upon lands cultivated by man)(Any of these interpretations is in accordance with science)(Allah knows best)
3:127 That He may cut off a part (tarafan) of those who disbelieved or suppress them so that they turn back disappointed.
(Verse 3:127 confirms that “borders” can also mean “part / group”)(Allah knows best)
13:41 Did not they see that We come (to) the land, reducing it from its borders? And Allah judges; (there is) no adjuster of His Judgment. And He is Swift in reckoning.
(Global warming is causing the ice at the poles to melt which in turn causes the level of world oceans to rise, consequently all shores recede. So, reducing the land from its borders (13:41) is in accordance with science)(On the other hand, the Christian Bible says that the earth is spread out / placed / stretched out above/upon/on the waters (Psalms 136:6), as if the earth were to float over water, which is unscientific)(Source: article “shorelines” by “miracles-of-quran(dot)com”)(Notice that the Bible also uses the word “spread out” in regard to Earth, so some Christians go against themselves by saying that it refers to a flat earth)(See also the comment above, about Verse 21:44)(Isaiah 42:5 says, “the Creator of the heavens, who stretches them out, who spreads out the earth with all that springs from it”)(Allah knows best)
18:32 And set forth to them the example of two men: We provided for one of them two gardens of grapes, and We bordered them with date-palms, and We placed crops between both of them.
(Verse 18:32 confirms that the word “bordered” can be used in regard to provision, and in regard to someone’s particular garden, not the entire planet earth)(Allah knows best)
5:112 When the disciples said, "O Jesus, son of Mary, Is your Lord able to send down to us a table spread (maidatan) from the heaven?" He said, "Fear Allah, if you are believers."
(The root of “maidatan” (a table spread) is “Miim-Ya-Dal” and it means “spread, give food. Ma-idatan – a table with food upon it, etc.”. So, this Verse may confirm that the use of “spread” could be in regard to provision)(Allah knows best)
30:2 The Romans have been defeated 30:3 In the nearest land (l-ardi). But they, after their defeat, will overcome
(Verse 30:3 confirms that “earth” also means “land”, so it does not always mean “planet earth”)(Allah knows best)
5:21 "O my people, enter the Holy land (l-arda) which Allah has ordained for you and do not turn your backs, for then you will turn back as losers." 5:22 They said, "O Moses, indeed, in it are people of tyrannical strength and indeed, we will never enter it until they leave it, and if they leave it, then certainly we (will) enter (it)." 5:23 Said two men from those who feared upon whom Allah had Favored, "Enter upon them (through) the gate then when you have entered it, then indeed, you (will be) victorious. And upon Allah then put your trust if you are believers.
(Verse 5:21 confirms that “earth” also means “land”, so it does not always mean “planet earth”)(Allah knows best)
65:12 Allah is He Who created seven heavens, and of the earth, the like of them. The command descends between them that you may know that Allah is All-Powerful over everything. And that Allah, indeed, encompasses all things in knowledge.
(This Verse confirms that “earth” does not always mean “planet earth”. An interpretation of Verse 65:12 is that “earth” means “matter”, so the matter is the like of the heavens in size, because the heavens contain matter. This interpretation is supported by Verse 57:21, “a Garden whose width is like the width of the heaven and the earth” (so heaven and earth are mentioned as one size, which is also like the “Garden” (Paradise)). There is matter all over the universe (space). As much as 90 percent of the matter in the universe is invisible)(There are other Verses in which “earth” means “matter”, for example, Verse 41:11, etc.)(Allah knows best)
57:21 Race towards the forgiveness from your Lord and a Garden whose width is like the width of the heaven and the earth, prepared for those who believe in Allah and His Messengers. That is the Bounty of Allah, He gives it to whom He wills. And Allah is the Possessor of Great Bounty.
28:71 Say, "Have you seen if Allah made the night continuous for you till the Day of Resurrection, who (is the) god besides Allah who could bring you light? Then will you not hear?" 28:72 Say, "Have you seen if Allah made the day continuous for you till (the) Day (of) the Resurrection, who (is the) god besides Allah who could bring you night (for) you (to) rest in it? Then will you not see?" 28:73 And from His Mercy He made for you the night and the day, that you may rest therein and that you may seek from His Bounty, and so that you may be grateful.
(As we saw in previous Verses, night and day refers to earth, because the sun, which is also involved, is immobile in regard to day and night (91:3-4), so the earth moves. “Night and day” is also mentioned in Verse 28:73, in regard to making the night or the day continuous (e.g. earth stops rotating). Notice that Verses 28:71-73 are also subjective (e.g. “continuous for you”), which indicates that, if the day is made continuous for you, “day” might not be so for other people, because the Earth is round. So, the Qur’an is scientifically correct)(In regard to Judaism and Christianity, the Bible says in Joshua 10:12-13, “Sun, stand still over Gibeon, and you, moon, over the Valley of Aijalon. So the sun stood still … The sun stopped in the middle of the sky and delayed going down about a full day”. It is an order addressed to the sun and about the sun itself, instead of to the rotation of planet earth, so it is unscientific)(Allah knows best)
9:25 Verily, Allah helped you in many regions, and (on the) day (of) Hunain, when pleased you your multitude, but (it did) not avail you (in) anything, and the earth (in spite) of its vastness (rahubat) (was) straitened (wadaqat) for you, then you turned back, fleeing.
(The root of “rahubat” (vastness) is “Ra-Ha-Ba”, and it means “to welcome, be ample, be spacious, be wide, be great”. So, it does not imply “flat earth” at all. The context is about fighting: “Allah helped you in many regions, and on the day of Hunain” (9:25). One interpretation is that the vast region / earth might be their land and what they conquered. And that land appears to them to be straitened, while it is actually vast; in other words, the peace treaty was over (9:1), and they might be afraid of it, in spite of the vast land they’d got before, but they see it as “small” (straitened), then they “turned back, fleeing” (9:25), so they might flee from fighting)(Allah knows best)
9:118 And on the three (of) those who were left behind, until when the earth (was) straitened (daqat) for them, though it was vast (rahubat). And their own souls (were) straitened for them, and they were certain that (there is) no refuge from Allah except to Him. Then He turned to them (in mercy so) that they may repent. Indeed, Allah, He (is) the Acceptor of repentance, the Most Merciful.
(Verse 9:118 uses the same words than Verse 9:25, and confirms that the earth did not change its size, but it is still vast, so it was “subjectively” straitened for them (e.g. their particular regions))(Allah knows best)
57:25 Certainly We sent Our Messengers with clear proofs, and We sent down with them the Scripture and the Balance that people may establish justice. And We sent down iron, wherein is mighty power and benefits for people, and so that Allah may make evident (he) who helps Him and His Messengers, unseen. Indeed, Allah is All-Strong, All-Mighty.
(The Qur’an has 114 Chapters; the Chapter right in the centre of the Qur’an is Chapter 57 (114/2 = 57); and it is called “Al-Hadid (Iron)”; it is also known that the inner core of earth is comprised of iron)(And Chapter 57 (Iron) stays in position 57, after sorting the entire Qur’an Chapters by “Chapter x Verse” multiplication product, in both, ascending and descending order. It could be interpreted that ascending or descending is like the shape of a sphere (e.g. earth), because in such a shape, you ascend and descend on its surface at the same time at every point, and Chapter 87 called “highest” (e.g. earth’s surface) makes Chapter 57 stay in the centre / lowest position (e.g. centre of earth), so it implicitly suggest that earth is round, instead of flat. So, the distance from earth’s surface to the earth’s core is similar, at any point on the surface. See calculations below)(According to the article “what is earth made of?” by Tim Sharp, at space(dot)com, “at the center of the earth is the core, which has two parts. The solid, inner core of iron has a radius of about 760 miles (about 1,220 km), according to NASA. It is surrounded by a liquid, outer core composed of a nickel-iron alloy”. And according to the article “what is the center of the earth made of?” by Fraser Cain, at “universetoday(dot)com”, “the earth’s core is broken up into two distinct regions. The inner core is a sphere of solid metal that measures about 2,440 km across. It’s believed to be comprised of 80% iron and 20% nickel. Surrounding this solid inner core is an outer core of liquid metal that extends for approximately another 2,000 km. Geologists believe that the movement of metal in the outer core gives the Earth its magnetic field, allowing compasses to work”)(Allah knows best)
57:29 So that (the) People (of) the Book may know that they (do) not have any power over (the) Bounty (of) Allah, and that the Bounty (is) in Allah's Hand; He gives it whom He wills. And Allah (is) the Possessor of Great Bounty.
(Chapter 57 stays in position 57 after sorting the entire Qur’an Chapters by “Chapter x Verse” multiplication product in ascending order: (Chapter 1 x 7 Verses = 7; 103 x 3 = 309; 108 x 3 = 324; 110 x 3 = 330; 106 x 4 = 424; 112 x 4 = 448; 97 x 5 = 485; 105 x 5 = 525; 111 x 5 = 555; 13 x 43 = 559; 113 x 5 = 565; 2 x 286 = 572; 3 x 200 = 600; 5 x 120 = 600; 8 x 75 = 600; 109 x 6 = 654; 62 x 11 = 682; 114 x 6 = 684; 63 x 11 = 693; 4 x 176 = 704; 14 x 52 = 728; 107 x 7 = 749; 94 x 8 = 752; 95 x 8 = 760; 60 x 13 = 780; 65 x 12 = 780; 98 x 8 = 784; 66 x 12 = 792; 99 x 8 = 792; 102 x 8 = 816; 61 x 14 = 854; 49 x 18 = 882; 104 x 9 = 936; 32 x 30 = 960; 6 x 165 = 990; 93 x 11 = 1023; 31 x 34 = 1054; 10 x 109 = 1090; 100 x 11 = 1100; 101 x 11 = 1111; 64 x 18 = 1152; 9 x 129 = 1161; 58 x 22 = 1276; 12 x 111 = 1332; 11 x 123 = 1353; 91 x 15 = 1365; 48 x 29 = 1392; 59 x 24 = 1416; 7 x 206 = 1442; 73 x 20 = 1460; 86 x 17 = 1462; 15 x 99 = 1485; 24 x 64 = 1536; 82 x 19 = 1558; 35 x 45 = 1575; 46 x 35 = 1610; Chapter 57 x 29 Verses = 1653; 87 x 19 = 1653; etc.)(Allah knows best)
87:19 (The) Scriptures (of) Abraham and Moses.
(Chapter 87 (The Most High) has 19 Verses; Chapter 57 keeps in position 57 when sorting in descending order because it has the same “Chapter x Verse” multiplication product as Chapter 87 (57 x 29 = 87 x 19 = 1653): (Descending order: Chapter 37 x 182 Verses = 6734; 26 x 227 = 5902; 56 x 96 = 5376; 55 x 78 = 4290; 74 x 56 = 4144; 77 x 50 = 3850, 43 x 89 = 3827; 79 x 46 = 3634; 69 x 52 = 3588; 68 x 52 = 3536; 40 x 85 = 3400; 80 x 42 = 3360; 38 x 88 = 3344; 53 x 62 = 3286; 78 x 40 = 3120; 70 x 44 = 3080; 51 x 60 = 3060; 75 x 40 = 3000; 36 x 83 = 2988; 83 x 36 = 2988, 54 x 55 = 2970; 39 x 75 = 2925; 23 x 118 = 2714; 20 x 135 = 2700; 89 x 30 = 2670; 44 x 59 = 2596; 52 x 49 = 2548; 27 x 93 = 2511; 28 x 88 = 2464; 33 x 73 = 2409; 76 x 31 = 2356; 21 x 112 = 2352; 81 x 29 = 2349; 88 x 26 = 2288; 50 x 45 = 2250; 42 x 53 = 2226; 41 x 54 = 2214; 84 x 25 = 2100; 16 x 128 = 2048; 72 x 28 = 2016; 67 x 30 = 2010; 29 x 69 = 2001; 71 x 28 = 1988; 18 x 110 = 1980; 92 x 21 = 1932; 25 x 77 = 1925; 17 x 111 = 1887; 85 x 22 = 1870; 19 x 98 = 1862; 34 x 54 = 1836; 96 x 19 = 1824; 30 x 60 = 1800; 90 x 20 = 1800; 47 x 38 = 1786; 22 x 78 = 1716; 45 x 37 = 1665; 57 x 29 = 1653; 87 x 19 = 1653; etc.)(Source: “Quran and primalogy” by Ali Adams)(Allah knows best)
(Chapter 57 “Al-Hadid (Iron)” has 29 Verses. Number “29” is the median or middle number between 1 to 57)(If we multiply 57 x 29 = 1653; in regard to this resultant number 1653 (“16” and “53”): the 16th prime number is 53 (The first 16 prime numbers are: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53). On the other hand, there are 16 additive prime Chapter numbers in the entire Qur’an (aka “prime with a prime digit sum”: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 23, 29, 41, 43, 47, 61, 67, 83, 89, 101, 113); and there are 53 additive composite Chapter numbers in the entire Qur’an (aka “composite with a composite digit sum”: 4, 6, 8, 9, 15, 18, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 51, 54, 55, 57, 60, 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 72, 75, 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 93, 95, 96, 99, 105, 108, 112, 114))(Allah knows best)
17:70 And We have certainly honored the children of Adam and We carried them on the land (l-bari) and the sea (wal-bahri), and We have provided for them of the good things and We preferred them over many of those whom We have created, (with) a preference.
(At the time of the Prophet (7th century), no one knew the proportion of land and water on earth. No one even knew about the Americas and Australia until the fifteenth century. But, we know today that the proportion of land and water on earth is actually said in the Qur’an: The word “the sea” (Ba-Ha-Ra) occurs 30 times in the Qur’an, in Verses 2:50, 2:164, 5:96, 6:59, 6:63, 6:97, 7:138, 7:163, 10:22, 10:90, 14:32, 16:14, 17:66, 17:67, 17:70, 18:61, 18:63, 18:79, 20:77, 22:65, 26:63, 27:63, 30:41, 31:27, 31:31, 42:32, 44:24, 45:12, 52:6 and 55:24)(Note: 11 Words with the root “Ba-Ha-Ra” were not counted or included in these 30. Those are: “a sea” (24:40), because it is an indefinite article, “the seas” (81:6 and 82:3) because it is plural; “seas” (31:27) because is plural, “the two seas” (18:60, 25:53, 27:61, 35:12 and 55:19) because it is dual; “the sea” (18:109, 18:109) because the Verse figuratively says “if the sea were ink”, while the calculation is about the proportion of “water” which covers the Earth’s surface, not about ink; and Verse 5:103 is excluded because “Bahirah” is a name; it is said that “Bahirah”, mentioned in Verse 5:103, is a female camel whose milk was spared for the idols and no one was allowed to milk it)(On the other hand, the root “Ba-Ra-Ra” occurs 32 times, but only 12 times as “land”, in the Qur’an, in Verses 5:96, 6:59, 6:63, 6:97, 10:22, 17:67, 17:68, 17:70, 27:63, 29:65, 30:41 and 31:32)(So, 12 (land) + 30 (sea) = 42)(According to the article “Earth” in wikipedia, about 71% of Earth’s surface is covered with water; according to the Qur’an: 30/42 x 100 = 71%)(And according to the article “Earth” in wikipedia, “the remaining 29% is land”; according to the Qur’an 12/42 x 100 = 29%)(Allah knows best)
55:10 And the earth, He laid it (wada’aha) for the creatures,
(The word “wada’a” (laid) implies to “put it” for them)(The root of “wada’a” is “Waw-Dad-Ayn”, and it means, “he put it or laid it in/on a place, put it or threw it down from his hand, opposite of Ra-Fa-Ayn, put down a thing, brought forth, to appoint, to impose/remit, give over, relinquish, lowered his grade/rank/condition, suffer loss, lowered/humbled, depository, the proper place of a thing”)(Allah knows best)
89:21 Nay, when the earth is leveled (dukkati), pounded (dakkan), (and) crushed (dakkan),
(The root of “dukkati / dakkan” (leveled / pounded / crushed) is “Dal-Kaf-Kaf”, and it means “to crush / break / beat / deflate, crumble to pieces, ground, dust; dakk – an even or level place, etc.”)(This Verse is about the surface of the land and mountains. It is supported by other Verses using the same root word (69:14, 18:96-98, 7:143))(Allah knows best)
4:42 (On) that Day those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger will wish (that) the earth [if] was leveled (tusawwa) with them. And/(But) they will not (be able to) hide (any) statement (from) Allah.
(The root of “tusawwa” (leveled) is “Siin-Waw-Ya”, and it means “equivalent to; sawwa – to level, complete, arrange, make uniform, even, fashion in a suitable manner, perfect a thing; istawa – to establish, become firm or firmly settled; sawwa – to proportion, fashion, perfect, level, equal, fill the space, etc.”)(It does not say that the earth is flat)(Allah knows best)
See also: How can you fast in the poles if sunrise to sunset takes months? Also how do you pray if there is a sunrise and sunset that takes 6 months?
https://aqtthq.blogspot.com.es/2016/12/how-can-you-fast-in-poles-if-sunrise-to.html
See also: Is the Qur'an scientifically correct? (3) (Geology and Meteorology)
http://aqtthq.blogspot.com.es/2016/05/how-to-deal-with-senseless-questions-by.html
See also: Is the Qur'an scientifically correct? (0) (Index)
https://aqtthq.blogspot.com.es/2017/04/is-quran-scientifically-correct-2.html
See also: Root Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an (Index)
http://qdvbp.blogspot.com/2018/10/index-root-dictionary-of-holy-quran.html
See also: Setting and rising place of the sun. Does the sun set in a particular place? Can you travel to the place where the sun sets or rises?
https://aqtthq.blogspot.com.es/2017/04/setting-and-rising-place-of-sun-does.html
No comments:
Post a Comment